Increase the Output Over Which a Fixed Cost ICD is Used

This action reduces the quantity of a unique fixed cost ICD used to produce a unit of Output by increasing the units of Output. For example, a new product design, or a new process patent, are both ICDs that have virtually limitless capacity for use. These are fixed cost ICDs. You pay for them once and you can use them over a virtually unlimited amount of Output. Their ICD/O ratios are limited only by the current demand level for Output.

A.
Acquire similar organization to spread fixed cost ICDs

The acquisition of another organization with a similar business enables the company to take certain fixed cost ICDs in the form of processes and designs and use them over a larger amount of Output.

Buy company in same market: For segment (e.g. geographic) expansion at low cost:
New geography outside country

No.	Industry SIC	Year	Notes
1	2032	1996	Campbell's to purchase a top German soup company.
2	3290	1997	Owens Corning bought small, and only what would be profitable within a year. The biggest deal, also in 1994, was the insulation business of Pilkington.
3	3312	2004	With the purchase of International Steel Group in the U.S. Mittal Steel Co. hopes to follow its highly successful procedure and revitalize the U.S. industry. The company will integrate the eight U.S. mills which are mostly clustered around the Great Lakes. By running the facilities as a single unit, he seeks to extract better terms from suppliers of iron ore, coal and electricity. It will also offer clients a stable source of supply. The new company will have about 40% of the U.S. market for flat-rolled steel used in autos. However, cost cutting measures might be less effective than in developing markets as the companies have already gone through many cost cutting exercises.
4	3537	1997	CASC is aggressively pursuing market share in Europe, using the cost advantage offered by its recently consolidated manufacturing facilities.
5	3663	2004	TCL is China's most ambitious consumer electronics maker. It employs more than 40,000 workers in factories in China, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Germany, making televisions, mobile phones, notebook PCs, refrigerators, and air conditioners. The company recently struck a $560 million deal to merge its television manufacturing facilities with those of French consumer electronics giant Thomson. TCL is set apart from its competitors by its strategy. TCL's alliance with Thomson is designed to help TCL keep sales and growth high. The merged company will be able to shift production easily to less expensive facilities in China and to realize greater economies of scale.
6	7261	1996	Loewen has aggressively expanded its holdings of funeral homes and cemeteries in the U.S. and Canada by acquiring stand-alone businesses.

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