Final Customer Purchasing from the Product Producer

Use Steps: Use steps include all the customer's value added activities or the consumption of the product itself. These steps include all the costs the customer incurs in employing the product in its intended use.

B.
Resources: Reduce resources required for the use of the product

3.
Energy: Reduce the energy the customer uses with the product

A.
Effort – Reduce the physical constraints on the customer

No.	SIC	Year	Note
1	0	2004	Breakthrough innovation typically focuses on solving problems that customers can barely articulate. Unfortunately, traditional market research seldom reveals perennially unmet needs nor does it lay bare long accepted vexations. What is required instead is an empathetic, first person understanding of what it feels like to be a customer, coupled with a willingness to search for eye opening analogies from other industries.
2	2086	1996	Pepsi conducted a study that found that total amount of soda purchased was limited not by taste preferences but by consumers' ability to bring the product home. Pepsi focused on packaging, replaced glass w/ plastic, had new multipacks.
3	3000	1987	Designers at Rubbermaid continually tweak products to provide incremental sales. Revising the plastic composition and design of ice cube trays, for instance, made ice easier to remove.
4	3572	2003	For nearly 16 years, floppy drives have remained the same. However, the floppy drive may have finally met its match in small, high-capacity storage devices called USB flash memory drives. They pack 16 MB or more of storage into a thumb-sized device that many companies sell as a key chain accessory. But, unlike cheap floppy disks, a low-end 16 MB USB drive costs about $20.
5	4931	1992	Co-generation once was cost-effective only for large industrial operations. But small systems based on automotive engines have made the idea affordable for laundromats, motels and other commercial operations.
6	5812	1994	In-N-Out has in recent years added indoor seating to attract more of a family crowd.
7	7999	2001	At Intrawest Corp.'s ski resorts, kid-size stairs may become de rigueur. Part of Intrawest's aim is to take the hassle out of skiing in ways big and small.

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